#Mus2 storm skin
Breska, A., Maoz, K., Ben-Shakhar, G., Interstimulus intervals for skin conductance response measurement (2011) Psychophysiology, 48, pp.Bosco, A., Lancioni, G.E., Belardinelli, M.O., Singh, N.N., O'Reilly, M.F., Sigafoos, J., Vegetative state: efforts to curb misdiagnosis (2010) Cogn.
Boly, M., Faymonville, M.-E., Schnakers, C., Peigneux, P., Lambermont, B., Phillips, C., Perception of pain in the minimally conscious state with PET activation: an observational study (2008) Lancet Neurol, 7, pp.Blain, S., Power, S.D., Sejdic, E., Mihailidis, A., Chau, T., A cardiorespiratory classifier of voluntary and involuntary electrodermal activity (2010) BioMed.Benedek, M., (2016) Analysis of EDA Using Ledalab,, , Available online at.Bekinschtein, T.A., Shalom, D.E., Forcato, C., Herrera, M., Coleman, M.R., Manes, F.F., Classical conditioning in the vegetative and minimally conscious state (2009) Nat.Bayne, T., Hohwy, J., Owen, A.M., Are there levels of consciousness? (2016) Trends Cogn.
Baba, M., Watahiki, Y., Matsunaga, M., Takebe, K., Sympathetic skin response in healthy man (1988) Electromyogr.Arzi, A., Shedlesky, L., Ben-Shaul, M., Nasser, K., Oksenberg, A., Hairston, I.S., Humans can learn new information during sleep (2012) Nat.Arunodaya, G.R., Taly, A.B., Sympathetic skin response: a decade later (1995) J.Andrews, K., Murphy, L., Munday, R., Littlewood, C., Misdiagnosis of the vegetative state: retrospective study in a rehabilitation unit (1996) BMJ, 313, pp.© Copyright © 2020 Cortese, Riganello, Arcuri, Lucca, Tonin, Schnakers and Laureys. The possibility to observe the CR to the noxious stimulus, by means of the GSR and SampEn, can represent a potential method to reduce the misdiagnosis in UWS patients. The Machine-learning showed a high performance to differentiate presence/absence of CR (≥95%). Within the third and fourth weeks from protocol administration, eight of the nine patients (88.9%) evolved into MCS. Patients with CR showed a higher SampEn in sequence A compared to patients without CR. The GSR magnitude of CR was higher comparing music stimulus (p < 0.0001) and CR extinction (p < 0.002) in nine patients and in HC. Machine Learning approach was used to identify a rule to discriminate the CR. The Sample Entropy (SampEn) was recorded in baseline and both sequences. MUS4, NOC3, and NOC* were compared for GSR wave peak magnitude, time to reach the peak, and time of wave's decay by Wilcoxon's test to assess the Conditioned Response (CR). CRS-R and NCS assessments were repeated for three consecutive weeks. All the (*) indicate the only tones administration. Two different stimuli, preceded, respectively by two different tones, were administered following the sequences (A) MUS1 – NOC1 – MUS2 – MUS3 – NOC2 – MUS4 – NOC3 – NOC*, and (B) MUS1*, NOC1*, NOC2*, MUS2*, NOC3*, MUS3*, NOC4*, MUS4*. We recruited 13 Healthy Control (HC) and 30 UWS patients at 31 ± 9 days from the acute event evaluated by Coma Recovery Scale–Revised (CRS-R) and Nociception Coma Scale (NCS).
The aim of this study was to observe the behavior of UWS patients, during the administration of noxious stimulation by a Trace Conditioning protocol, assessed by the Galvanic Skin Response (GSR) and Heart Rate Variability (HRV) entropy. To date, the misdiagnosis level is around 30%. The assessment of the consciousness level of Unresponsive Wakefulness Syndrome (UWS) patients often depends on a subjective interpretation of the observed spontaneous and volitional behavior.
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